Making Punishment Fit The Crime

Making Punishment Fit The CrimeCrimes such as drug possession, petty theft, and forgery be non-violent, sometimes victimless crimes, yet over half the united States prison house population consists of these type of wrongdoers. Most prisons in the fall in States house much prisoners than they were built to hold. The United States spends more than forty billion dollars each year on incarceration. Prison overcrowding seems to be the reason that many offenders be kept out of prison, sentenced to short prison terms, and released long before their sentence is complete. Child molesters, armed robbers, and rapists are often paroled as a solution to easing prison overcrowding. Mean spot, some first-time offenders that frame non-violent crimes are non given the opportunity to be paroled and sometimes end up serving more time than offenders that commit violent crimes. Alternative sentencing flush toilet exercise as a remedy to prison overcrowding and unfair punishment. Alternative sen tencing is a program designed to amaze punishments fit the crime. Rather than sending a non-violent offender to prison, offenders are substitutely sentenced to punishments such as probation, electronic monitoring, club service, and drug and alcohol rehabilitation. Alternative sentencing can help to keep an offender from re- offending, thus lessen the prison population and spending less taxpayer money on prisons. It can also help inmates who have completed their sentence transition back into union successfully. Some rural areas, like Pennsylvania, are reducing prison sentences and releasing non-violent prisoners in influence for them to participate in substitute(a) sentencing programs. However, in order to receive alternative sentencing, offenders must meet certain qualifications such as not having a lengthy criminal record, not having committed a serious felony, and must not pose a risk to themselves or the community. According to Bennet, Brandeis Universitys National Instit ute for Sentencing Alternatives studied North Carolina prisoners criminal histories and its director, Mike Corrigan, said his staff found that 20 to 30 percent of North Carolina prisoners were likely to be safely punished outside prison (Bennet, par 10). Institutions like Brandeis make recommendations to state legislators for alternative sentencing programs. . Unfortunately, state legislators can pass police phalanxs that prevent settle from using alternative sentencing especially during election years. Politicians that run their campaigns on the get tough on crime slogan, make it difficult for alternative programs to stay in existence or new programs to be created. Candidates running for the position of justice do not support these programs and guesss that are up for re-election tend not to sentence alternatively during election years. One program, however, that most get tough on crime politicians are in favor of is boot-camp for young male offenders. This program was started in Georgia and is now being used by 11 states and is said to be endureing goodly. bash camp is a much cheaper alternative to prison. It uses a military type of discipline that trains young men to not want to choose to live a life of crime and are less likely to re-offend when released from the program. Other examples of alternative punishment are community service, which can be very cost effective because it uses offenders to perform globe labor. It can save money for counties, cities, and states by using this free labor. A punishment for alcohol related crimes like DUI is having a breathalyzer installed on an offenders vehicle which only allows the engine to start after a person blows into it an has no alcohol on his or her breath. This is paid for by the offender and can be a successful deterrent for the offender to consume alcohol, while keeping drunk drivers off the road. Sentencing a petty thief to work a full time job and use his salary to pay restitution to his victim ca n be a deterrent for an offender to commit another burglary. A drug possession charge where a person is caught with a small amount of drugs can be punished using a plea deal from the prosecutor to have the person voluntarily enroll in a plaza abuse program. People convicted of tax evasion can be sentenced to a fine and probation rather than being given a prison sentence. Non-violent offenders have to be willing to commit and must want to be show signs of rehabilitation in order for alternative sentencing programs to be effective. Some programs require an offender to retain employment, submit to random drug screenings, electronic monitoring, and each week meetings with probation officers. An individuals circumstances and environment can be an influence in committing a crime. Someone born into poverty and living in a drug infested community, is more likely to commit a crime than a person who is brought up in better surroundings. These facts are often taken into consideration when a judge hands plenty a sentence. Because of this, some people oppose alternative punishment. Living in a community that has a high crime send often leads an offender to re-offend when he is released. Other circumstances like mental illness can be a reason for an individual to commit a crime. Mental illness is another factor that is taken into consideration when a judge hands down a sentence. California has implemented a law that allows alternative sentencing for some veterans. An example of this is an ex-marine that served in the war in Iraq, suffering from and extreme case of post traumatic stress disorder. He walked into a aver unarmed and used a note demanding money from a bank teller. According to the law, the judge could have sentenced him to 5 years in prison, but he was instead placed in a treatment facility. In the article Coming Home, Sample states that In addition to combat vets with PTSD, the law applies to those suffering from substance abuse or unspecified psychologica l ailments (Sample, par 4). Many lawyers actually advertise alternative punishment as a agency of obtaining clients. These lawyers make every effort to keep an offender out of prison. Some find this to be a despicable intend of advertisement as it lures criminals to certain lawyers in order to avoid a prison sentence. Advertisements of this type are useful for an offender that has no criminal record and is convicted of a misdemeanor. The lawyer can help a client like this to receive punishment such as probation, community service, electronic monitoring, or substance abuse treatment. After completing his or her alternative sentence, this offender will more than likely be rehabilitated and less likely to re-offend. On the other hand, alternative sentencing is not likely if these lawyers defend individuals charged with a felony and have lengthy criminal records. Some states such as California and Michigan, utilize a Jail Overcrowding Task Force. The main purpose for this task force i s come up with ways to use prison resources to prevent prison overcrowding and save taxpayer dollars for more useful programs such as health care and education. The down side to this is that some counties utilize early release programs for prisoners with very short sentences and do not require offenders to participate in any type community service or rehabilitation program. On the other hand, there are work furlough programs that include electronic monitoring. This is a more acceptable means of alternative punishment. Inmates with short sentences are allowed to obtain employment while serving their sentence. A portion of the offenders paycheck is garnished and paid to the state as a means of paying for his or her incarceration To further alleviate prison overcrowding, electronic monitoring is sometime allowed for these individuals so they are not utilizing a prison complete that can be used for a violent criminal. A down side to this is the program was expanded and now allows unemp loyed individuals to participate in electronic monitoring without paying any money to the state.According to Edge, some judges have returned to the colonial sentence of shaming to punish people convicted of crimes. (83). This type of punishment is called public notice. Public notice is a punishment that publicly shames the criminal in an attempt to change his or her attitude and conduct. An excellent example of this is a judge ordering a man convicted of accidental homicide to parade in front of a bar with a sign that read, I killed two people while driving drunk. This public ridicule often deters a criminal from re-offending.The Victim-Offender Mediation Program (VOMP) is a program that involves the victim of a crime. Offenders have a face-to-face meeting with the victim or victims family members and a trained mediator. The offender is told how his or her crime affected the victim and/or family. This can make the offender olfactory modality remorse for his crime and explain why h e committed the crime and even apologize for it. This program is often successful with juvenile offenders that commit non-violent crimes. In conclusion, each state has its own rules for the punishment of criminals called sentencing guidelines, which are sentencing policies prosecutors and judges use for people convicted of serious misdemeanors and felonies. The crime and the criminals previous criminal history are considered when a judge hands down a sentence. People that oppose alternative sentencing argue that an individuals circumstances are unique and should be considered during sentencing, otherwise there is a possibility of re-offending. People in favor of alternative sentencing argue that otherwise, judges could sentence offenders to different punishments for the same crime. The end result is that prison overcrowding in the United States will never end unless alternative sentencing programs are utilized for non-violent offenders. Prisoners incarcerated for violent crimes and who have lengthy criminal records should not even be considered for alternative sentences.

Why Might Freudian Therapy be a Waste of Time and Money Essay -- Psych

In his book Des Bienfaits de la Depression, Pierre Fdida wrote a chapter called Il Faut Etre Deux rain cats and dogs Gurir in which he explains why it is useful to mouth when you are depressed.20 Patients usually believe that talking is not the solution but that the only government agency to redress is to bring back the lost person/ role whose absence initially caused the trauma. Psychological pain is a human particularity and therapy is meant to heal it. Fdida uses the example of drug addicts who go on detoxification. Addiction to drugs practically reveals an alarming state of depression and the fact of undergoing treatment for drug addiction is the sign of sadness and will to be saved. Freud used to underline how human beings select created for themselves an interior metaphorical discourse to express extremely violent issues such as love, hate, life, death, sexuality...21 analytical cure sight-reads this metaphorical language. Patients have the tendency to try and cure thems elves alone but therapy helps substract the patient to his own influence, free his from his own desease. Therapy requires the participation of two actors and recovery cannot take place if the therapist does not understand his patients psychology and resistance to healing.22 Freud focused on studying the opposition to healing and resistance to treatment when increase his knowledge about unconscious forces. The therapist defines healing as the goal creating the patients resistances. Thoses resistances to therapy can be explained as follows the fact of being cured corresponds to a lurch of state. Negative reactions to treatment are thus explained by a fear of losing internal integrity and eventually disintegrating. The fear of modification is extremely strong. In 1904, Freud... ...Jacob 2001)FREUD, SIGMUND, An insinuate of Psychoanalysis, (W.W. Norton & Company New York London), Standard Edition, 1949, vol. 23MIJOLLA de, Alain, Dictionnaire International de la Psychanalyse, (H achette Littratures 2005)ARTICLESCASEMENT, Patrick, Beyond words the role of psychoanalysis, The Psychologist, 2009, vol. 22, 5th MayLEVY, R. & ABLON, J., Talk therapy Off the couch and into the lab, 2010WAN, William, Freud coming into fashion in China, Treating Chinas syndromes, Washington Post, October 11th 2010WEBSITESETHAN, Psychoanalysis From Theory to Practice, Past to Present, Northwestern University http//www.personalityresearch.org/ papers/plaut.htmlhttp//www.psywww.com/intropsych/ch13_therapies/psychoanalysis.htmlhttp//www.apsa.org/About_Psychoanalysis/Low-Fee_Clinics.aspxhttp//www.npap.org/intro/faqs.html Why Might Freudian Therapy be a Waste of Time and funds Essay -- PsychIn his book Des Bienfaits de la Depression, Pierre Fdida wrote a chapter called Il Faut Etre Deux Pour Gurir in which he explains why it is useful to talk when you are depressed.20 Patients usually believe that talking is not the solution but that the only way to cure is to bring bac k the lost person/situation whose absence initially caused the trauma. Psychological pain is a human particularity and therapy is meant to heal it. Fdida uses the example of drug addicts who go on detoxification. Addiction to drugs often reveals an alarming state of depression and the fact of undergoing treatment for drug addiction is the sign of distress and will to be saved. Freud used to underline how human beings have created for themselves an interior metaphorical discourse to express extremely violent issues such as love, hate, life, death, sexuality...21 Analytical cure sight-reads this metaphorical language. Patients have the tendency to try and cure themselves alone but therapy helps substract the patient to his own influence, free his from his own desease. Therapy requires the participation of two actors and recovery cannot take place if the therapist does not understand his patients psychology and resistance to healing.22 Freud focused on studying the opposition to healin g and resistance to treatment when increasing his knowledge about unconscious forces. The therapist defines healing as the goal creating the patients resistances. Thoses resistances to therapy can be explained as follows the fact of being cured corresponds to a change of state. Negative reactions to treatment are thus explained by a fear of losing internal integrity and eventually disintegrating. The fear of modification is extremely strong. In 1904, Freud... ...Jacob 2001)FREUD, SIGMUND, An Outline of Psychoanalysis, (W.W. Norton & Company New York London), Standard Edition, 1949, vol. 23MIJOLLA de, Alain, Dictionnaire International de la Psychanalyse, (Hachette Littratures 2005)ARTICLESCASEMENT, Patrick, Beyond words the role of psychoanalysis, The Psychologist, 2009, vol. 22, 5th MayLEVY, R. & ABLON, J., Talk therapy Off the couch and into the lab, 2010WAN, William, Freud coming into fashion in China, Treating Chinas syndromes, Washington Post, October 11th 2010WEBSITESETH AN, Psychoanalysis From Theory to Practice, Past to Present, Northwestern University http//www.personalityresearch.org/papers/plaut.htmlhttp//www.psywww.com/intropsych/ch13_therapies/psychoanalysis.htmlhttp//www.apsa.org/About_Psychoanalysis/Low-Fee_Clinics.aspxhttp//www.npap.org/intro/faqs.html

How Far Does Behavioral Sink Go? :: Animals Environmental Wildlife Essays

How Far Does behavioral Sink Go? If you ask any American what behavioral douse is, they more than likely wont be able to define the term. It seems that everyone has cause subject to this mysterious term, in once sense or another. Behavioral Sink, as described by the author, Tom Wolfe in the excerpt O icky Gotham from A Forest of Voices, is the study of how animals relate to their environment. In one of Wolfes stu cronks he speaks of this behavioral sink in New York City. He talks astir(predicate) how overcrowding causes this. As observed by Wolfe, New Yorkers tended to be more aggressive and cold towards one another. When driving they were found to be screaming at from each one other because of traffic, speeding through a crowd getting aggravated and not re each(prenominal)y subtle why. They all seemed to be greatly stressed with a tendency to foster ulcers.He also studied the effects of overcrowding in Sika deer and rats. They all showed change s in behavior, even when thither was plenty of food, water, and encourage due to this lack of personal space. When an autopsy was performed on the animals, it showed that their thyroids seem to enlarge, while their bodies looked genuinely hefty. The deer seemed to die of an adrenaline shock from their thyroids, due to the stress of no personal space. Wolfe seemed to think that if you did an autopsy on the deceased people in New York City, they would show the like general signs of thyroid enlargement. The interesting connection that serviceman have to rats is the grouping they exhibit. The leader-rats seem to take their own groups and then the average to below average rats assemble together. Human aristocrats and wealthier people, like the leader rats, tend to be intimate in suburbs and live in quieter, nicer places. The other people, like the average to below average rats, seemed to live in smaller apartments and much more crowded, less healthy areas like the slums. Th e average rats showed signs of violence, aggravation, homo and bi-sexuality, and all showed increasing signs of cancer and other diseases. The interesting connection here is that by my own observations, the same things seem to be happening in the world today.How Far Does Behavioral Sink Go? Animals Environmental Wildlife EssaysHow Far Does Behavioral Sink Go? If you ask any American what behavioral sink is, they more than likely wont be able to define the term. It seems that everyone has become subject to this mysterious term, in once sense or another. Behavioral Sink, as described by the author, Tom Wolfe in the excerpt O Rotten Gotham from A Forest of Voices, is the study of how animals relate to their environment. In one of Wolfes studies he speaks of this behavioral sink in New York City. He talks about how overcrowding causes this. As observed by Wolfe, New Yorkers tended to be more aggressive and cold towards one another. When driving they wer e found to be screaming at each other because of traffic, speeding through a crowd getting aggravated and not really knowing why. They all seemed to be greatly stressed with a tendency to foster ulcers.He also studied the effects of overcrowding in Sika deer and rats. They all showed changes in behavior, even when there was plenty of food, water, and shelter due to this lack of personal space. When an autopsy was performed on the animals, it showed that their thyroids seem to enlarge, while their bodies looked genuinely healthy. The deer seemed to die of an adrenaline shock from their thyroids, due to the stress of no personal space. Wolfe seemed to think that if you did an autopsy on the deceased people in New York City, they would show the same general signs of thyroid enlargement. The interesting connection that humans have to rats is the grouping they exhibit. The leader-rats seem to take their own groups and then the average to below average rats gather together. Human a ristocrats and wealthier people, like the leader rats, tend to live in suburbs and live in quieter, nicer places. The other people, like the average to below average rats, seemed to live in smaller apartments and much more crowded, less healthy areas like the slums. The average rats showed signs of violence, aggravation, homo and bi-sexuality, and all showed increasing signs of cancer and other diseases. The interesting connection here is that by my own observations, the same things seem to be happening in the world today.

Martin Luther King Jr. :: essays research papers

After the Birmingham, Alabama newspaper published The Public Statement by Eight Alabama Clergymen duty Martin Luther facultyiness Jr.s activities inexpedient and untimely, top executive wrote a response back from jail arguing each point the clergymen had made in their Public Statement. In the Letter from Birmingham Jail, King points erupt that he is not an outsider since the people of Birmingham invited him and that since they are all within the United States, nobody should be even considered an outsider. Being a fighter of injustice, King says, he sought to negotiate with the white community of Birmingham, but they refused to comply. Then, he illustrates to them that the tension amongst the groups is many times good because it leads to action and negotiation. He further explains that calling the actions of Negroes unwise and untimely is denying them justice, which they have been waiting for too long. Moreover, King explains that laws can be just and unjust, and that he will on ly obey just laws that acquiesce with the moral code and disobey laws that do not unlike the white churches, which permit prejudice and hate even though they should preach brotherhood and love. Lastly, King points out that Negroes will win their freedom in the end because it is their right and Gods will. To argue his points in the Letter King uses each of the iii rhetorical appeals ethos, pathos, and logos. In this essay, I will try to prove that one appeal is more effective than the rest, but first in order to assistance one understand what these appeals mean, I will use Arthur Quinns definitions of what the three appeals entail. The first appeal, the ethos, tries to persuade an audience to agree with an argument by using the write up and character of the speaker or writer. For instance, a well-liked political leader might hold a strong ethos in the eyes of his constituents, and therefore his opinions on issues might convince his constituents to hold the same opinions whether o r not they know anything about the issue. In contrast, the pathos appeal try ons to persuade an audience by targeting their emotions in attempt to gain their sympathy for the argument. An example of this appeal can be seen in TV commercials fundraising money for impoverished children. The final appeal, the logos, attempts to persuade an audience using logic and good reasoning.

No School Should Usurp the Rights of Any Student Essays -- Teaching Ed

No School Should Usurp the Rights of Any StudentChildren are forced to go to school. This has been the way for a great time. School is a place where students go to learn a curriculum given by government officials. They are non there to get their rights taken away from them. Although teachers have power, they cannot stop students from detecting the issues, speaking without censorship, or knowing their rights.Students are living, breathing human beings. We go to school to learn about and come in the outside world. Government officials are to teach us these things and see how well we learn them. We are curious creatures. We need to know everything or else we leave rebel. Teachers should tell us both parts of a certain subject to allow objectivity in our minds. If we hear unless one side of a controversial issue we tend to assert ourselves with the only point of view. We may also find out information on our own that is bad and conceptualise what we find out. Teachers are here to guide us to the correct information. If a teacher takes a side he/she may tell us only the negative points to his opposing side. He/she may, also, just tell us good points about his side. Either way, he/she gives us a one sided perception. We need to hear both sides in order to make up our own minds.Many believe that teachers have more power than students. This is a weak argument because teachers cannot pull rights of students. The Supreme Court stated thisIt can hardly be argued that either students or teachers shed their constitutional rights to freedom of speech or expression at the school house gate (Tinker vs. Des Moines Independent School District). Therefore, students are just as powerful as teachers. Teachers want to discipline their students how and when they choose. This is a major(ip) dispute among parents, teachers, and students. A teacher may not ever hit a student purposely. A teacher may lower our grade for not doing work or failing class criteria. They may not lower our grade just because they dont like us or we execution slightly out of hand. Many people say that students dont know what is best for them. This is may be true at lower elementary, still in high school, students can speak for themselves and know what they need. In some court cases or public meetings, teachers or the school bo... ...rookfield Millbrook,1997.Student Government. humans Book Millennium 2000. 2000ed.Student Rights. Natural Math. 21 Jan. 2002 .Students Rights. Rethinking Schools. Vol. 14, Issue 4 (Summer 2000). 21 Jan. 2002 .Students Rights. Y and M Online. 21 Jan. 2002.Students Rights and Responsibilities. University of Virginia. 21 Jan. 2002 .Students Rights Guide. American gracious Liberties Union of Northern California. 21 Jan. 2002.Students Rights of Free Speech. The American Center for Law and Justice. 20 Jan. 2002 .Students Rights on Public School Campuses. Liberty Counsel. 20 Jan. 2002 http//www.lc.org/OldResources/Students_rights_0900.html.Teachers Rights on Public School Campuses. Liberty Counsel. 20 Jan. 2002 .Young, David. Survey. Oakridge High School 30 Jan. 2002.

Essay --

Task1(i)In this section, we explain the strategy in detail and describe the actions were taking to pursue it. British airways main basically the entire mission to the customer requirement where is customer wanted to going and customer service. If the service not good for customer so then they complain which that impact on the British service. So that why reason every time want to wish a provide a good a service to the customer and incessantly customer is happy. British vision always on the customer what are the customer requirements. All over the world responsible for this customer service to give them proper service and relationship with customer and cooperate. British give us all facilities because they want purify the service they want to achieve a goal and mission. GLOBAL British airways deals lots of things like they hold a civil aviation authority, they provide a people operating carry licence which that relates committal more than 20 aircraft. And they p rovide this service individual and company.PREMIUM British airways always give us good and unique premium service doesnt matter customer where is and when contact with us because they recognize always better service and this service scud more money which that is worth for paying. AIRLINE British airways always introduce new things and new products because they want to increase a business but they always focus on the customer service if the customer is happy so then they invest more money. They always trying to provide a cargo service its means they focus on the civil aviation authority. Because they us new products time by time. They provide all products in tough stinting environment and different challenging... ...y and no timing but British airways airline crew decided introduce something new for customer to using a strategical provision. And day by day they increase a business and introduce a new flights everywhere in domestic level, and after that they introduce a website and some official pages for helping a customes. Strategic planning is more than ensuring your association will remain financiallysound and be able to offer its reserves its projecting where your associationexpects to be in five, ten, or fifteen years and how your association will get there. It isa systematic planning process involving a number of steps that identify the currentstatus of the association, including its mission, vision for the future, operating values,needs strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, goals, prioritized actionsand strategies, action plans, and monitoring plans.

Dr. Mengele Essay -- essays research papers

The feeling story of Josef Mengele is one that is filled many twists and turns that bet out like a suspense story with an ending that does not seem to fit what one would expect. The authors of the book Mengele The Complete Story, Gerald L. Posner and John Ware, wrote this book largely with information taken from diaries and letters of Mengele&8217s, and interviews with those who knew him. It is a look into the flavor and times of a man whose nickname was &8220The Angel of Death. Josef&8217s life and post-mortem fate could be divided into three different chapters. His pre-war life and life during World War II was one of privilege and freedom to satisfy his perverse desire to put to death bizarre and mostly useless medical experiments on unwilling participants in Nazi death camps. His post-war life consisted of being constantly on the run a lonely and depressed fugitive wanted by countries worldwide for the atrocities he committed against Jews, Poles, Gypsies, and others during W orld War II. His lonely death by drowning, in Brazil, and wound post-mortem fate suited the man well. Although this report might seem to follow a chronological order, it is not simply a telling of a life story. It is a look into who Josef Mengele was, and how he changed over the years.The authors underlying main theme, throughout the book, seemed to be to show that Josef Mengele was not who his infamous legend would dictate. It is true that he was a cold and ruthless killer who murdered thousands of innocent people. He earned the nickname &8220The Angel of Death for the way he would remain calm and composed small-arm comeing such torturous an act as a live dissection of a human being. He had a sick fascination with parallel. He believed that twins held the secret to discovering how to perfect a master race. The following is a description by Vera Alexander, a witness of Mengele&8217s horrors, of a common experiment Mengele would perform on twins&8220One day SS men came and took t wo children away. They were two of my pets, Tito and Nino. One of them was a hunch sand. Two or three days later, an SS man brought them back in a terrible state. They had been cut. The hunchback was sewn to the other child, back to back, their wrists back to back too. There was a terrible smell of gangrene. The cuts were dirty and the children cried all night.(P.37 par... ...t, he regretted not working harder to exterminate more people than he had. Mengele was presented as who he was. This makes it seem as though there is an unfair tote up of negativity presented about him. Other than a few occasions where he showed compassion, such as with his son and cleaning lady, he really did not pose many redeeming qualities. Mengele personified hatred, arrogance, and cruelty. Trying to keep a balance between the positive and negative of the man would have been impossible. At the end of his life, Mengele was still the alike(p) man he always was. He had been humbled by his life of simplic ity, yet the arrogance and bitterness he showed as a young SS ready were still present. Although Mengele evaded capture and was never brought to trial, it does not mean he was never punished. If Mengele had been put to death, his life would have been over, without any further suffering. Mengele lived, and his life of loneliness, isolation, and alienation from his family and the ones he loved was much more painful than had he been put out of his misery years earlier. With his life a waste, all his aspirations dead, and his spirit weakened, Mengele&8217s life was his punishment.